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      Even with no brains, jellyfish can learn from their mistakes

      news.movim.eu / ArsTechnica · Friday, 13 October, 2023 - 16:54 · 1 minute

    Image of a largely transparent jellyfish with relatively thick tentacles.

    Enlarge / No brain, but still some smarts. (credit: Bielecki, et. al. )

    They don't have a brain or spinal cord. They float around in a way that often appears aimless. Though jellyfish lack a central nervous system, these gelatinous creatures again show that they might think more than we think they do.

    Jellyfish, or medusae, belong to the group Cnidaria, members of which are already known to be capable of associative learning . This is how they can maintain awareness of their surroundings (and possible predators). Now, an international team of scientists has found that the cnidarians are capable of a slightly more advanced type of associative learning known as operant conditioning, which entails remembering the positive or negative effects of a previous action. Despite lacking a brain, Caribbean box jellies ( Tripedalia cystophora ) can still learn from their mistakes to avoid a potentially disastrous outcome.

    Damage control

    T. cystophora are about the size of a human fingernail, and while they are much less complex than vertebrates such as humans, they still have a rather sophisticated visual system for a jellyfish. The jellies have 24 eyes around their bodies—and they need them. They live in mangrove swamps where crashing into long roots is almost inevitable in murky water, and a jelly might do serious damage to its delicate body in these encounters. Its vision assists it in navigating among the roots and can be especially useful for hunting around these gnarly tangles.

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      Build your dream desktop with these Prime Day PC components deals

      news.movim.eu / ArsTechnica · Wednesday, 11 October, 2023 - 19:15 · 6 minutes

    Nvidia's GeForce RTX 4080.

    Enlarge / Nvidia's GeForce RTX 4080. (credit: Andrew Cunningham)

    If you're building a new PC, there's no time like Amazon's big Prime Day sale to grab a deal on PC parts. Components like fans, motherboards, CPUs, and GPUs are all on sale. Whether you're starting from scratch on building your own powerful gaming rig or workstation, or you're upgrading an existing build, we have some options.

    GPU deals on RTX graphics cards

    • ZOTAC Gaming GeForce RTX 3060 Twin Edge OC for $261 (was $340) at Amazon
    • ZOTAC Gaming GeForce RTX 4080 16GB Trinity OC for $990 (was $1,300) at Amazon
    • PowerColor Fighter AMD Radeon RX 6700 XT Gaming Graphics Card with 12GB GDDR6 Memory for $300 (was $350) at Amazon
    • ZOTAC Gaming GeForce RTX 4070 AMP AIRO Spider-Man: Across The Spider-Verse Inspired Graphics Card Bundle for $585 (was $700) at Amazon
    • EVGA GeForce RTX 2060 SC GAMING for $200 (was $360) at Amazon
    • Intel Arc A750 Limited Edition 8GB PCI Express 4.0 Graphics Card for $200 (was $220) at Amazon
    • ASUS Dual NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050 OC Edition Gaming Graphics Card for $230 (was $300) at Amazon
    • ASUS ROG Strix NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 Ti Gaming Graphics Card for $870 (was $950) at Amazon
    • XFX Speedster QICK319 Radeon RX 6750XT Gaming Graphics Card for $350 (was $430) at Amazon
    • XFX Speedster SWFT319 Radeon RX 6800 Gaming Graphics Card for $400 (was $490) at Amazon
    • ASUS TUF Gaming GeForce RTX 4060 Ti OC Edition Gaming Graphics Card for $415 (was $460) at Amazon

    Storage and RAM

    • Lexar NQ100 480GB 2.5-inch SATA III Internal SSD for $18 (was $33) at Amazon
    • Lexar NQ100 1.92TB 2.5-inch SATA III Internal SSD for $62 (was $88) at Amazon
    • Crucial P3 Plus 4TB PCIe Gen4 3D NAND NVMe M.2 SSD for $180 (was $226) at Amazon
    • Crucial P3 4TB PCIe Gen3 3D NAND NVMe M.2 SSD for $160 (was $230) at Amazon
    • Crucial MX500 4TB 3D NAND SATA 2.5 Inch Internal SSD for $165 (was $204) at Amazon
    • Crucial Pro RAM 64GB Kit DDR4 3200MT/s for $100 (was $142) at Amazon
    • Lexar NM790 SSD 2TB PCIe Gen4 NVMe M.2 2280 Internal Solid State Drive for $87 (was $125) at Amazon
    • Lexar NM790 SSD 1TB PCIe Gen4 NVMe M.2 2280 Internal Solid State Drive for $45 (was $70) at Amazon
    • Lexar NM790 SSD 512GB PCIe Gen4 NVMe M.2 2280 Internal Solid State Drive for $37 (was $50) at Amazon
    • Lexar ARES RGB 32GB (2x16GB) DDR4 RAM 3600MT/s CL18 Desktop Memory for $55 (was $80) at Amazon
    • Crucial T700 4TB Gen5 NVMe M.2 SSD for $390 (was $600) at Amazon
    • Crucial T700 4TB Gen5 NVMe M.2 SSD with heatsink for $410 (was $630) at Amazon
    • Lexar NQ100 960GB 2.5-inch SATA III Internal SSD for $33 (was $48) at Amazon
    • Lexar ARES RGB 32GB (2x16GB) DDR5 RAM 6000MT/s CL34 Desktop Memory for $76 (was $120) at Amazon
    • Lexar ARES RGB 32GB (2x16GB) DDR5 RAM 5600MT/s CL32 Desktop Memory for $72 (was $110) at Amazon
    • PNY CS2241 4TB M.2 NVMe Gen4 x4 Internal Solid State Drive for $175 (was $220) at Amazon
    • CORSAIR VENGEANCE RGB DDR5 RAM 32GB (2x16GB) 5200 MHz CL40 for $90 (was $100) at Amazon

    CPU deals on Intel and AMD processors

    • Intel Core i5-12600KF Desktop Processor 10 (6P+4E) Cores for $163 (was $199) at Amazon
    • Intel Core i7-12700K Desktop Processor with Integrated Graphics for $239 (was $276) at Amazon
    • Intel Core i5-12600K Desktop Processor with Integrated Graphics for $179 (was $194) at Amazon
    • AMD Ryzen 9 5900X 12-core, 24-Thread Unlocked Desktop Processor for $297 (was $570) at Amazon
    • Intel Core i7-13700K Desktop Processor with Integrated Graphics for $373 (was $419) at Amazon
    • AMD Ryzen 9 7900X 12-Core, 24-Thread Unlocked Desktop Processor for $382 (was $549) at Amazon
    • AMD Ryzen 9 7950X 16-Core, 32-Thread Unlocked Desktop Processor for $509 (was $699) at Amazon
    • AMD Ryzen 9 7950X3D 16-Core, 32-Thread Desktop Processor for $599 (was $699) at Amazon
    • AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D 8-core, 16-Thread Desktop Processor for $307 (was $319) at Amazon
    • Intel Core i7-12700KF Desktop Processor for $219 (was $259) at Amazon
    • Intel Core i9-12900K Gaming Desktop Processor with Integrated Graphics and 16 (8P+8E) Cores for $327 (was $379) at Amazon
    • AMD Ryzen 7 5800X 8-core, 16-Thread Unlocked Desktop Processor for $215 (was $449) at Amazon
    • Intel Core i9-12900KF Desktop Processor for $318 (was $373) at Amazon
    • Intel Core i9-12900KS Gaming Desktop Processor for $349 (was $400) at Amazon

    Motherboards

    • ASUS Prime B550-PLUS AMD AM4 Zen 3 Ryzen 5000 & 3rd Gen Ryzen ATX Motherboard for $100 (was $140) at Amazon
    • GIGABYTE B650 Gaming X AX (AM5/ LGA 1718/ AMD/ B650 for $162 (was $200) at Amazon
    • ASUS ROG Maximus Z790 Hero (WiFi 6E) LGA 1700 (Intel 13th & 12th Gen) ATX Motherboard for $540 (was $609) at Amazon
    • Gigabyte B550 AORUS ELITE AX V2 for $144 (was $190) at Amazon
    • ASUS Prime Z790-A WiFi 6E LGA 1700 (Intel 13th & 12th) ATX Motherboard for $250 (was $310) at Amazon
    • ASUS TUF Gaming Z790-Plus WiFi D4 LGA 1700 (Intel 12th & 13th Gen) ATX Motherboard for $200 (was $230) at Amazon
    • ASUS Prime X670E-PRO WiFi Socket AM5 (LGA 1718) Ryzen 7000 ATX Motherboard for $290 (was $350) at Amazon
    • ASUS Strix STRIX Z790-A WIFI D4 Desktop Motherboard for $285 (was $350) at Amazon
    • MSI MPG Z690 Edge WiFi DDR4 Gaming Motherboard for $220 (was $300) at Amazon
    • GIGABYTE Z790 AORUS Elite AX DDR4 for $207 (was $260) at Amazon
    • MSI B550 Gaming GEN3 Gaming Motherboard for $100 (was $120) at Amazon
    • ASUS Prime X670-P Socket AM5 (LGA 1718) Ryzen 7000 ATX Motherboard for $200 (was $270) at Amazon
    • ASUS Prime H770-PLUS D4 Intel H770(13th and 12th Gen) LGA 1700 ATX Motherboard for $100 (was $160) at Amazon
    • ASUS ROG Strix B550-A Gaming AMD AM4 Zen 3 Ryzen 5000 & 3rd Gen Ryzen ATX Motherboard for $160 (was $180) at Amazon
    • MSI PRO Z790-A Wi-Fi ProSeries Motherboard (Supports 12th/13th Gen Intel Processors) for $190 (was $280) at Amazon
    • MSI MEG Z690 Unify Gaming Motherboard for $290 (was $330) at Amazon

    Power Supply Units

    • ASUS ROG STRIX 1000W Gold PSU, Power Supply for $160 (was $210) at Amazon
    • Cooler Master MWE Gold 850 V2 Full Modular for $95 (was $100) at Amazon
    • EVGA 100-N1-0650-L1, 650 N1, 650 W for $44 (was $65) at Amazon
    • EVGA Supernova 1600 G+, 80+ Gold 1600 W for $210 (was $350) at Amazon
    • Thermaltake Toughpower GF1 850 W 80+ Gold SLI/ CrossFire Ready Ultra Quiet 140mm Hydraulic Bearing Smart Zero Fan for $100 (was $140) at Amazon
    • Thermaltake Toughpower 750 W 80 Plus Gold Semi Modular PSU ATX for $80 (was $110) at Amazon
    • Thermaltake Toughpower GF3 850 W for $110 (was $160) at Amazon
    • EVGA SuperNOVA 1300 GT, 80 Plus Gold 1300 W for $180 (was $250) at Amazon
    • ASUS ROG Thor 850W Platinum II for $170 (was $250) at Amazon
    • EVGA Supernova 1000 P3, 80 Plus Platinum 1000 W for $210 (was $250) at Amazon
    • EVGA Supernova 1000 G7, 80 Plus Gold 1000 W for $180 (was $240) at Amazon
    • Thermaltake TOUGHLIQUID 360 ARGB Motherboard Sync All-in-One Liquid CPU Cooler for $100 (was $140) at Amazon
    • GIGABYTE GP-UD850GM PG5 Rev2.0 850W PCIe 5.0 Ready for $97 (was $140) at Amazon
    • Thermaltake Toughpower GF3 1350W for $208 (was $260) at Amazon
    • Corsair HX1000i Fully Modular Ultra-Low Noise ATX Power Supply - ATX 3.0 & PCIe 5.0 Compliant for $230 (was $260) at Amazon

    Fans and coolers

    • Cooler Master Hyper 212 Halo Black CPU Air Cooler for $33 (was $45) at Amazon
    • MSI MAG CoreLiquid 360R V2 - AIO ARGB CPU Liquid Cooler for $95 (was $140) at Amazon
    • NZXT Kraken 280 RGB - RL-KR280-B1 - 280 mm AIO CPU Liquid Cooler for $142 (was $200) at Amazon
    • Cooler Master MasterLiquid 360L Core 360 mm Close-Loop AIO Liquid Cooler for $101 (was $120) at Amazon
    • Cooler Master MasterLiquid 240L Core 240 mm Close-Loop AIO Liquid Cooler for $85 (was $100) at Amazon
    • AORUS WATERFORCE X 360 AIO Liquid CPU Cooler for $187 ($240) at Amazon
    • ASUS ROG RYUO III 360 ARGB All-in-one AIO Liquid CPU Cooler 360 mm Radiator for $245 (was $290) at Amazon
    • MSI MAG CoreLiquid C240 - AIO ARGB CPU Liquid Cooler - 240 mm Radiator for $90 (was $120) at Amazon
    • Thermaltake Riing Quad 120 mm 16.8 Million RGB Color 9 Blades Hydraulic Bearing Case/Radiator Fan for $90 (was $120) at Amazon

    Cases and towers

    • ASUS TUF Gaming GT501 Mid-Tower Computer Case for up to EATX Motherboards for $135 (was $180) at Amazon
    • ASUS TUF Gaming GT502 ATX Mid-Tower Computer Case for $140 (was $170) at Amazon
    • Thermaltake Tower 200 Mini-ITX Computer Case for $100 (was $130) at Amazon
    • CORSAIR Crystal Series 680X RGB High Airflow Tempered Glass ATX Smart Case, Black for $193 (was $275) at Amazon
    • Corsair 5000D Tempered Glass Mid-Tower ATX PC Case - White for $165 (was $175) at Amazon
    • Thermaltake Core P3 Pro E-ATX Tempered Glass Mid Tower for $120 (was $160) at Amazon
    • Antec NX200 M, Micro-ATX Tower, Mini-Tower Computer Case for $44 (was $65) at Amazon
    • Corsair iCUE 220T RGB AIRFLOW Tempered Glass Mid-Tower Smart ATX Case for $70 (was $125) at Amazon
    • Corsair Carbide Series 175R RGB Tempered Glass Mid-Tower ATX Gaming Case for $53 (was $85) at Amazon

    Ars Technica may earn compensation for sales from links on this post through affiliate programs .

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      You’re the OS is a game that will make you feel for your poor, overworked system

      news.movim.eu / ArsTechnica · Tuesday, 15 August, 2023 - 17:49 · 1 minute

    Screenshot of You're the OS game, with multi-colored processes and gray memory pages

    Enlarge / If I click the "I/O Events" in the upper-left corner, maybe some of the frozen processes with a little hourglass will unfreeze. But how soon? Before the other deep-red processes die? I can't work under these conditions! (credit: Pier-Luc Brault)

    I spent nearly 20 minutes this morning trying to be a good operating system, but you know what? People expect too much of their computers.

    I worked hard to rotate processes through CPU slots, I was speedy to respond to I/O requests, and I didn't even let memory pages get written to disk. But the user—some jerk that I'm guessing keeps 32 shopping tabs open during work—kept rage-quitting as processes slid in attrition from bright green to red to "red with a frozen face emoji." It made me want to get four more cores or potentially just kill a process out of spite. If they were a writer, like me, I'd kill the sandboxed tab with their blog editor open. Learn to focus, scribe!

    You're the OS! is a browser game that combines stress, higher-level computer design appreciation, and panic-clicking exercise. Creator Pier-Luc Brault says specifically that the game "has not been created with education in mind," but it might introduce people to principles like process scheduling and memory swapping—"as long as it is made clear that it is not an exact depiction." Brault, a computer science teacher himself, writes that they may use the game to teach about cores, RAM shortages, and the like.

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      Best SSD and RAM deals to boost your PC’s performance

      news.movim.eu / ArsTechnica · Tuesday, 31 January, 2023 - 15:00

    owc_ssd_macbookair.jpg

    One of the easiest and cheapest ways to get more life out of your existing laptop or desktop is by upgrading your system’s memory and storage . If your PC is sluggish, adding more RAM and additional or faster internal storage can speed things up. These simple upgrades are often easy to perform and won’t break the bank, especially if you’re not ready to upgrade to an entirely new computer.

    For performance users, the best deal we’ve spotted for upgrading your storage is Western Digital’s WD Black SN850X . This NVMe solid-state drive was originally listed for $180 but is now discounted by $70, taking the price down to just $110 for 1TB of reliable storage. If you need more storage, Seagate’s FireCuda ’s 4TB capacity NVMe drive is now discounted to $530. There are also smaller deals on 1TB drives if you don’t need that much capacity.

    On the memory front, Corsair’s Vengeance LPX desktop RAM kit currently has a 25 percent discount . There are also other smaller discounts on DDR4 and DDR5 memory for both laptops and desktops. You can check out our complete list of RAM and SSD deals below.

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      The Best Ways To Reduce the Risk of Dementia While You’re Young

      pubsub.dcentralisedmedia.com / LifehackerAustralia · Monday, 8 February, 2021 - 02:54 · 2 minutes

    Feeling concerned about the state of your memory is not an uncommon experience. In fact, according to a UK-based study, (as reported by The Times) dementia is the largest source of fear associated with ageing for as many as four in ten people.

    What is dementia?

    If your knowledge of dementia only goes about as far as memory trouble, that’s understandable. However, it’s substantially more broad-reaching than that. As Dementia Australia writes on its website, “Dementia describes a collection of symptoms that are caused by disorders affecting the brain “.

    The series of conditions influence your “thinking, behaviour and ability to perform everyday tasks”.

    Some of the more common types of dementia include “Alzheimer’s disease, Vascular dementia, Dementia with Lewy bodies, Fronto Temporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD), Huntington’s disease, Alcohol-related dementia (Korsakoff’s syndrome) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease,” the website states.

    Alzheimer’s is likely the most widely recognised of the diseases.

    How can you reduce the risk of dementia?

    It’s important to be clear here that Dementia Australia states that there is “no sure way to prevent dementia”. In some cases, the sad reality is that genetics, age and other elements beyond anyone’s control will be at the root of a dementia-related diagnosis.

    With that said, there have been studies on lifestyle choices that may reduce the risk. Many of these changes can be implemented from a young age, which is an encouraging thought.

    Dementia Australia writes that looking after your general health ( heart , body and mind ) is the best place to begin. The Times agrees; sharing that a 36-year-old study completed at Oxford University and University College London indicated that regular exercise, a healthy diet and avoiding or quitting smoking can improve your overall brain health.

    According to the outlet, of the 10,000 people who were assessed for the study, those who maintained an active lifestyle (particularly in the mid-life years) were better slated to lower their risk of dementia.

    Dr Sanjay Gupta, an American neurosurgeon, medical reporter, and writer, recently wrote for CNN that “According to the best available evidence, significant upgrades can be made to the brain within just 12 weeks”. Meaning that with some work and consistency, we have all the tools available to us to make considerable changes to our brain health.

    He wrote:

    “I tell patients to follow the SHARP dietary protocol: Slash sugar; Hydrate (even being dehydrated a few ounces can affect cognition); Add more omega-3 fatty acids from foods like cold-water fish, nuts, and seeds; Reduce portion; and Plan ahead. I also tell them to spend their money on something proven to ultimately help the brain, like a comfortable pair of shoes for walking or a new pillow for a good night’s sleep.” [Rather than investing in supplements.]

    Dr Gupta also spoke to the importance of getting a regular sweat on, as well as challenging your brain with games, or even just by engaging with other people.

    So, in short: keep active, sleep soundly, fuel your body well, and put your mind to work. It’ll do your brain a whole lot of good, and you’ll probably feel incredible, too.

    Lastly, if you or a loved one is in need of support in this area, the National Dementia Helpline is available Monday to Friday 8:00am – 8:00pm on 1800 100 500.

    The post The Best Ways To Reduce the Risk of Dementia While You’re Young appeared first on Lifehacker Australia .